The colonization of lands by plants was an overwhelming venture which was empowered by beneficial soil inhabiting microbes capable of forming mutualistic relations with selective plant genotypes. While the rhizospheric microbial associates are supported by plants through the supply of carbon-rich products released from their roots, biochemicals present in the tissue fluids sustain the endospheric microbes. The plant-associated microbial assemblages perform a variety of functions like nutrient mobilization, modulation of hormone levels, resistance against biotic and abiotic stresses, etc. and ultimately improve plant fitness. Since plants are sessile, these activities of the plant microbiota are supposed to be critical for the survival of plants. Hence, it is expected that different plant compartments definitely have acquired strategies to select beneficial microbes whose characters are dependent on the features of the host plant genotypes as well as physiology and also the microbial pool of the nearby soils. Plants having same genotypic organization recruit a specific set of microbial taxa from the soil microbial communities that show persistence. These microbial taxa selected by the host plant itself comprise the core microbiome. Till date, the taxonomic as well as functional definitions of core plant microbiome have been illustrated, and its potential to enhance plant health and development has also been discussed.