Sustainable water management has become increasingly complex due to diverse and interrelated risk factors influencing water resources. A thorough understanding of emerging trends, key risk factors, and strategic mitigation methods is crucial for effectively addressing these challenges. This study uses a three-step approach, which includes bibliometric analysis and the creation of a conceptual Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. The bibliometric analysis reveals that 37% of the reviewed publications were published in the past 3 years, highlighting a significant increase in research interest, especially in environmental science and technology. To systematically categorize and link risk factors, the TOE framework organizes keywords into three categories: technology, organization, and environment. This structure helps identify the main contributors to water scarcity and develop specific mitigation strategies. The top-ranked risk factors include statistical analysis (technology), climate change (environment), and uncertainty (environment), along with concerns such as sustainable development and water quality in the technology domain, water management and governance in the organizational domain, and food security in the environmental domain. By offering a structured analysis of research trends and critical risk factors, this study provides valuable insights into sustainable water resource management, connecting both practical and academic perspectives to guide policy development and future research.