The growing adoption of Wrap-Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) and Geosynthetic Mechanically Stabilized Earth (GMSE) retaining structures over traditional methods underscores the necessity for thorough seismic performance assessments. Gaining a deeper understanding of the dynamic behavior of these systems is vital in ensuring their stability and operational reliability under seismic forces. This research offers an evaluation of the seismic behavior of Wrap-GRS and GMSE walls using PLAXIS 3D software. The study models wrapped GRS and GMSE walls of height 8 m, utilizing local soil as backfill and incorporating time histories from the 2001 Bhuj earthquake, sourced from the COSMOS database. Additionally, the study evaluates the performance of three types of geosynthetic reinforcements—geogrid, geotextile, and geocomposites—under seismic loading conditions. The analysis compares each wall system based on fascia displacement, settlement analysis, and failure criteria. The findings emphasize the significance of reinforcement and facing stiffness, foundation soil properties, and compaction load in determining the dynamic stability of these systems. The study also highlights distinct performance patterns and failure modes between the Wrap-GRS and GMSE walls. This investigation offers crucial perspectives into the seismic response of Wrap-GRS and GMSE walls, providing essential guidelines for choosing and designing retaining structures in regions prone to seismic activity.