This chapter reviews the current landscape of transportation and distribution management amid rapid urbanization and e-commerce growth. It highlights the shift toward smarter, greener, and more efficient logistics systems driven by advanced technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data. Green logistics focuses on reducing carbon emissions and optimizing energy use, especially in cold chain and urban transport. Reverse logistics gains importance through recycling policies and sustainable resource management, addressing packaging and battery reuse challenges. Fast logistics emphasizes rapid delivery and dynamic scheduling to meet consumer demands in complex urban environments. Tiered distribution improves efficiency by leveraging multi-level inventory and flexible transshipment strategies, with real-world examples from leading companies like JD.com. Sharing logistics models promote resource sharing across platforms, lowering costs and enhancing service quality for small and medium enterprises. Overall, the chapter underscores the integration of environmental sustainability and intelligent technologies as key drivers reshaping modern transportation and distribution networks to meet diverse market needs and sustainability goals.