Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and ALS present significant challenges in diagnosis and treatment due to their progressive nature and complex pathophysiology. In this chapter, we explore how nano-bioelectronics offers innovative solutions by integrating nanoscale materials with bioelectronic devices to monitor and intervene in disease progression at the cellular level. Biosensing-based approaches enable the early detection of critical biomarkers like amyloid-beta, tau proteins, and oxidative stress indicators, providing new avenues for timely diagnosis. In this chapter, we also discuss how nano-enabled biosensors allow real-time, continuous monitoring of disease states, enhancing the ability to track patient responses and adjust treatments accordingly. Therapeutically, nano-bioelectronics facilitates precise drug delivery to target neural cells and employs bioelectronic neuromodulation techniques to manage symptoms. Additionally, nanomaterials aid in neural regeneration and neuroplasticity, offering hope for long-term recovery and rehabilitation. In this chapter, we address the challenges of biocompatibility and ethical considerations, particularly in the use of implantable devices and data security. Despite these hurdles, the future of neurodegenerative disease management lies in the fusion of nano-bioelectronics with AI-driven analytics for personalized, precision healthcare. In this chapter, we highlight the potential of nano-bioelectronic systems to transform neurodegenerative disease management through early detection, continuous monitoring, and targeted therapy. The evolution of these technologies promises a more effective and tailored approach to tackling some of the most devastating neurological disorders.