Bioelectronic Devices for Diabetes: Monitoring, Management, and Precision Health
摘要
The integration of bioelectronics into diabetes management marks a transformative era in precision healthcare, offering innovative solutions to overcome the limitations of traditional glucose-centric approaches. This chapter explores the evolution of bioelectronic technologies, emphasizing their role in enabling real-time, continuous monitoring of glucose and other biomarkers critical for comprehensive diabetes care. While glucose remains the cornerstone of diabetes management, the monitoring of additional biomarkers, such as ketones, lactate, insulin, and inflammatory markers, provides a holistic understanding of metabolic health, supporting early detection of complications and personalized interventions. The chapter discusses the advancements in biosensor design, including implantable, wearable, and non-invasive technologies that enhance accuracy, usability, and patient adherence. It also discusses the integration of biosensing data with telemedicine and remote patient monitoring platforms, enabling proactive, data-driven interventions and reducing the need for in-person care. Furthermore, the role of artificial intelligence in refining predictive algorithms and optimizing insulin delivery is explored, highlighting its potential to revolutionize closed-loop systems. Key challenges such as sensor accuracy, calibration, data security, and accessibility are critically examined alongside innovative solutions, including anti-fouling coatings, flexible electronics, and multimodal biosensing. Ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks are also addressed to ensure equitable access and patient-centered care. This chapter underscores the promise of bioelectronics in driving a paradigm shift towards personalized, precise, and integrative diabetes management, paving the way for improved outcomes and enhanced quality of life for individuals with diabetes.