Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections, manufactured using techniques such as roll forming or press braking without the application of heat, have gained significant attention in the construction industry over recent decades. Cold-formed steel sections are utilized both in structural and non-structural applications, and they are usually produced in C, Z, or U shapes. By increasing the steel's yield strength, the cold-forming technique enables the production of components with superior structural performance while consuming less material. This increased usage stems from their advantages over traditional materials, driving extensive research in areas such as post-fire performance, sustainability, connections, residual stresses, and the design and analysis of structural members and systems. However, because of their thin walls, CFS members are extremely vulnerable to several buckling events, which have a big impact on how well they perform structurally. This paper presents a comprehensive examination of key buckling modes in CFS structures, including lateral-torsional buckling, local and global elastic buckling, and torsional instability. The post-critical behaviour of CFS elements is also examined in the research, emphasizing how stiffness and strength are maintained or diminished after first buckling, especially when local and distortional modes are present. A comprehensive explanation of CFS behaviour is provided by combining recent theoretical advancements, finite element simulations, and experimental studies. Critical elements influencing performance and stability are identified in the review, including material nonlinearity, residual stresses, slenderness, and cross-sectional shape.