Punjabi poetry has braved many turbulences; therefore, the story of the survival and the revival of progressive sentiment in it is full of turns and twists. Inspired by the AIPWA in the 1930s, Punjabi poets—particularly Mohan Singh and Amrita Pritam—lean towards progressive ideals both in idiom and theme. But by the early 1960s, as new literary trends emerged on the horizon, new poetic sensibilities began to take shape. Punjabi poetry turns introspective, psychological, and experimental. But this phase is at best an interlude in the long march of the progressive journey of Punjab poetry. In the 1970s, Punjab witnessed the rise of jujharvad—led primarily by a breed of young combative poets, who wanted to raise the pitch for a socialist revolution in agrarian Punjab controlled by landlordism and monopoly capitalism. The chapter delineates, in shorthand, the latter half of Punjabi progressive sentiment as it bounces back in the poetry of Pash, Sant Ram Udasi, and Lal Singh Dil. The chapter also summarizes the decline of progressive poetry due to the distractions caused by religion- and caste-based cultural politics of the region.

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From Post-Progressive to Jujharvad: Turns in Punjabi Poetry

  • Akshaya Kumar

摘要

Punjabi poetry has braved many turbulences; therefore, the story of the survival and the revival of progressive sentiment in it is full of turns and twists. Inspired by the AIPWA in the 1930s, Punjabi poets—particularly Mohan Singh and Amrita Pritam—lean towards progressive ideals both in idiom and theme. But by the early 1960s, as new literary trends emerged on the horizon, new poetic sensibilities began to take shape. Punjabi poetry turns introspective, psychological, and experimental. But this phase is at best an interlude in the long march of the progressive journey of Punjab poetry. In the 1970s, Punjab witnessed the rise of jujharvad—led primarily by a breed of young combative poets, who wanted to raise the pitch for a socialist revolution in agrarian Punjab controlled by landlordism and monopoly capitalism. The chapter delineates, in shorthand, the latter half of Punjabi progressive sentiment as it bounces back in the poetry of Pash, Sant Ram Udasi, and Lal Singh Dil. The chapter also summarizes the decline of progressive poetry due to the distractions caused by religion- and caste-based cultural politics of the region.