In this chapter, we take you into a journey of exploration of the relationship between dietary intake and its effect on neuroplasticity. We will explain the role of the different nutrients, micro and macro, vitamins, minerals and more in supporting the essential brain functions, such as neurotransmitter synthesis, synaptic plasticity, and cognition. This chapter will discuss the impact of various dietary patterns, including ketogenic, intermittent fasting, and Mediterranean diet on brain health. The chapter discusses how these dietary interventions, alongside cultural dietary habits, can influence cognition and brain plasticity. We investigate the gut-microbiome research, shedding light on the complex bidirectional network between the gut and the brain. Lastly, the chapter analyzes the synergistic effects of a balanced diet, exercise, and a healthy lifestyle on brain resilience.