By allowing cars to communicate with infrastructure and one another, the Internet of Vehicles is revolutionizing transportation and fostering increased sustainability, efficiency, and safety. This study reviews data gathering methods and communication protocols that are critical to IoV systems, focusing on interactions between vehicles (V2X), infrastructure, and everything (V2X).The importance of key technologies in enabling low-latency, high-reliability communications is highlighted, including 5G, cellular vehicle to everything, and dedicated short range communication. The integration of sensors like LiDAR, radar, and cameras in IoV systems which are crucial for gathering data in real time is also examined in this article. The evaluation ends by stressing the importance of machine learning and state-of-the-art security measures to ensure the reliability and security of IoV networks.