In qualitative research, several key data collection methods are used, including interviews, observations, document analysis, and participatory approaches. Interviews involve asking questions in person and can take various forms, such as in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and key informants. These can be unstructured, structured, and semi-structured interviews conducted face-to-face, over the phone, online, or one-on-one. In-depth interviews involve intensive probing; focus groups gather a group to discuss a topic; and key informants involve interviews with people knowledgeable about a subject, while group interviews use semi-structured interview schedules with several people simultaneously. Observation is another key method for data collection in qualitative research and can be done through participants or non-participant observation. Document analysis involving examining materials such as photos, letters, films, tapes, diaries, reports, or other documents is another key method. Audiovisual data collection, including photographs, videos, and drone photography adds another dimension to data collection. Accurate data collection and recording are essential in qualitative research, and this can be achieved through systematically recording the data using various tools such as data recording protocols and checklists. Ensuring the trustworthiness of qualitative data collection is crucial, and one powerful approach for this is triangulation, which may involve the use of diverse methods, multiple sources of data, cross-referencing data, and the use of multiple researchers in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. Researchers need to consider trustworthiness (validity) throughout the research process, including planning, implementation, and data analysis.