The use of computer-aided design (CAD) and additive manufacturing (AM) in tissue engineering, particularly for cartilage and bone regeneration, is examined in this chapter. Developing scaffolds that resemble the natural extracellular matrix is the difficult part of tissue engineering. Recent developments in additive manufacturing, such as 3D printing, allow scaffolds to be precisely customized with control over attributes like shape and bioactivity. Design utilizing patient-specific data is made easier by CAD tools. The benefits of materials like hydrogels and polymers for tissue engineering, are highlighted. The use of bioactive compounds such as growth factors in scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration, is covered in the chapter. To improve tissue growth, several cell sources including stem cells, are being investigated for incorporation into the scaffold matrix. The use of AM and CAD in cartilage and bone tissue engineering to treat issues including osteochondral abnormalities and osteoarthritis, are highlighted.