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One of the most groundbreaking developments in the biomedical industry’s recent history, is the creation and spread of 3D printing. Nevertheless, there are several drawbacks in 3D printing technology, such as its inability to produce dynamic human tissues efficiently. Considered the fourth dimension at the time, the 4D printing technique has been seen as the next revolution in 3D printing since it involves the fourth-dimension parameter, solves this problem and allows for the creation of dynamic and living items. Consequently, the 3D additive manufacturing method is replaced with a 4D one, and stimuli-responsive materials are highly valued and recognized as one of the most crucial materials in this four-dimensional production process because of their characteristics. Investigating the developments in incorporating responsive material behavior into the 4D printing process, has been attempted in this chapter. Furthermore, current studies that investigate the relationships between various stimuli (categorized as chemical and biological signals) and associated stimulus-responsive compounds will be the primary emphasis of this study. Following a discussion of the process’s potential capabilities, technical issues and opportunities for future research, the tremendous potential of the 4D printing of smart materials in medical applications particularly tissue engineering and localized drug delivery, will be covered.

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Stimuli-responsive Hydrogels for Tissue Engineering and Targeted Drug Administration via Multi-dimensional Printing: An Encouraging Strategy for Innovative Smart Materials and Technologies

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Seyed Morteza Naghib

摘要

One of the most groundbreaking developments in the biomedical industry’s recent history, is the creation and spread of 3D printing. Nevertheless, there are several drawbacks in 3D printing technology, such as its inability to produce dynamic human tissues efficiently. Considered the fourth dimension at the time, the 4D printing technique has been seen as the next revolution in 3D printing since it involves the fourth-dimension parameter, solves this problem and allows for the creation of dynamic and living items. Consequently, the 3D additive manufacturing method is replaced with a 4D one, and stimuli-responsive materials are highly valued and recognized as one of the most crucial materials in this four-dimensional production process because of their characteristics. Investigating the developments in incorporating responsive material behavior into the 4D printing process, has been attempted in this chapter. Furthermore, current studies that investigate the relationships between various stimuli (categorized as chemical and biological signals) and associated stimulus-responsive compounds will be the primary emphasis of this study. Following a discussion of the process’s potential capabilities, technical issues and opportunities for future research, the tremendous potential of the 4D printing of smart materials in medical applications particularly tissue engineering and localized drug delivery, will be covered.