The identification of cancer biomarkers that are both sensitive and specific is necessary for early cancer analysis and treatment. Nanostructure-based biosensor technology is among the most potent tools for early development of cancer detection. Recently, porous nanoparticles particularly MOFs, or metal-organic frameworks have drawn more attention. They are a novel kind of crystalline material due to their distinctive physico-chemical characteristics, large area of the surface, adjustable scales of pores, and strong adsorption capabilities. As a result, MOFs have been suggested for a number of biosensor and biomedical uses, including imaging agents, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Analytes may be absorbed very efficiently due to their high porosity, which qualifies them for sensing applications. Three primary techniques including solid, liquid, and gas phase approaches can be used to synthesis of MOF. This chapter distinctive feature is its comprehensive description of the three distinct processes utilized to synthesize MOFs and the tools for examining their characteristics. The research also looks at how MOF has been used recently in many cancer biosensors, like those for the prostate, breast, lung, and CEA. The chapter concludes by outlining prospective pathways for more research utilizing MOFs and discussing possible future paths. It highlights how crucial it is to use cutting-edge technology and create quick and affordable manufacturing techniques. This thorough evaluation is a useful resource that may support the creation of next studies using similar nanomaterials.