The increasing complexity of projects in the construction industry is a significant challenge for civil engineers, requiring innovative approaches in modeling and project analysis tasks. In complex systems, a hierarchy establishes how system individual elements are organized into levels, defining other elements of different complexities and structure that may be part of other larger systems. The definition of a hierarchical structure is essential because it provides a holistic view, allowing for understanding of the system, making it easier to identify relationships between different elements. This is essential for civil construction projects, in which multifaceted interactions are verified at the different levels of the fundamental components and in terms of project implementation details. In this paper, we discuss an innovative approach to civil construction project management based on multilevel hypergraphs, which are used to accommodate the characterization and structure of a construction project’s elements, as well as their relationships, allowing for addressing the intricate challenges of civil construction projects.