While DevOps has improved time-to-market for traditional systems, ensuring cyber-physical systems (CPS) trustworthiness in an operational environment poses several important challenges. This chapter focuses on field testing, and operational, and deployment challenges (or issues) of CPS and autonomous cyber-physical systems (ACPS). The chapter comprehensively addresses such topics, starting by discussing relevant testing, operational, and deployment challenges as well as solutions to address them. ACPS, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and self-driving cars (SDCs), are considered key use cases since the safety and reliability issues for these systems are of primary importance in both academia and industry. While providing concrete definitions of test cases within simulation environments and real-world testing, relevant to the discussion in this chapter, we also focus on the need to create new benchmark assets and the development of automated tools tailored explicitly for autonomous systems in the software engineering and robotics communities. Complementary, the chapter discusses approaches (1) for improving CPS adaptability with static analysis, monitoring, AI-based, and self-healing techniques; (2) reports already established architectures, toolchains, and frameworks supporting cost-effective testing and addressing deployment challenges for ACPS; (3) discusses the validation of solutions in real-world sectors such as automotive and aviation; (4) discusses relevant open-source technologies to encourage further development (e.g., a framework developed and shared in international contexts such as tool competitions). Finally, the book chapter provides a path forward on pressing issues the software engineering community should focus on (in terms of practices, expected automation, and paradigms), outlining ways to tackle them.