Forestry ecosystems rely heavily on the intricate relationship between trees and soil microorganisms, with mycorrhizal fungi playing a critical role in promoting sustainable forest growth. This chapter examines the symbiotic relationships between mycorrhizae and forest trees, highlighting their substantial contributions to nutrient cycling, water uptake, and overall plant health. By forming a dynamic partnership with tree roots, mycorrhizal fungi enhance nutrient absorption, particularly in phosphorus-deficient soils, and improve tree resilience to environmental stresses, such as drought and soil degradation. The chapter discusses the various types of mycorrhizal associations, including ectomycorrhizae and arbuscular mycorrhizae, as well as their distinct roles in diverse forest ecosystems. It highlights the ecological significance of these associations in sustaining forest productivity and biodiversity, particularly in hilly regions where soil fertility and water availability are limiting factors. Furthermore, the chapter explores the practical applications of mycorrhizae in forestry practices, including their potential in reforestation efforts, the restoration of degraded lands, and the enhancement of growth in commercially valuable tree species. By integrating recent research on the influence of mycorrhizae on soil health and plant growth, this chapter provides valuable insights for forest managers, researchers, and policymakers seeking to leverage the benefits of mycorrhizal associations for sustainable forestry practices. The use of mycorrhizae in forestry not only supports the growth and health of forest trees but also contributes to the broader goal of environmental conservation and carbon sequestration, aligning with global initiatives to combat climate change and land degradation.