Preliminary Assessment of Stormwater Flooding in an Urban Area Using MIKE URBAN+ : A Case Study of Kalamassery Municipality, Kerala, India
摘要
Urban flooding is one of the most significant challenges in the development of cities. This study employed the MIKE URBAN + 1D hydrodynamic model to evaluate stormwater flooding within a 270-hectare catchment area of an urbanized region that encompasses residential zones prone to inundation as the area is adjacent to stormwater drainage. The model successfully simulated the drainage system with the worst-case scenario rainfall which was during August 2018. Results identified critical flood-prone areas such as Alfiya Nagar and Vidya Nagar upstream, where peak rainfall events in mid-August 2018 caused water levels to exceed system capacity at seven out of ten observed nodes. Model validation conducted at Node 3 demonstrated strong accuracy, with simulated water levels closely matching observed values resulting in a low Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.22, indicating satisfactory model performance. Field observations revealed that poor drainage maintenance, debris accumulation, and encroachments contributed to the flooding issues. While the model effectively identifies vulnerable areas, its limitations in representing clogging and blockages highlight the need for integrating a 2D overland flow model and improved field data for enhanced prediction accuracy. This study provides valuable insights for urban planners and engineers in designing resilient drainage systems to mitigate urban flood risks.