MHD Flow Analysis for Velocity Profile and Pressure Drop in Sudden Expansion Channel
摘要
In the present study, a robust MHD code “Anupravaha” is utilized to investigate the behavior of magnetohydrodynamic flow within a sudden expansion channel under the influence of an inclined magnetic field. The performance of the code was rigorously validated considering benchmark cases such as Hunt and Shercliff’s cases. The study has been carried out at a constant Hartmann number (Ha) of 20 and Reynolds number (Re) of 100, varying the inclination angle (θ) of the magnetic field relative to the flow direction. The results reveal that as the angle θ increases from 0° to 90°, the Lorentz force’s impact on flow dynamics becomes more noticeable. At θ = 90°, where the magnetic field is perpendicular to the flow, the Lorentz force is maximized, resulting in a significant reduction in flow velocity and a more uniform but lower velocity profile within the channel. Conversely, as θ decreases, the Lorentz force weakens, allowing for higher flow velocities, with the highest velocities observed when the magnetic field aligns with the flow θ = 0°. The study also shows that pressure distribution varies with the magnetic field angle, with a more severe pressure drop at θ = 90° due to intensify Lorentz’s force resistance. At θ = 0°, the pressure drop is more gradual. It is also found that high current density regions near the expansion zone lead to localized volumetric heating, posing risks of thermal stress and potential system failure.