The mobile health clinic is an alternative strategy to provide health care services to the people primarily displaced due to wars, political upheaval, and in different emergencies like disasters where no other health facility is available to the people. The purpose of the study is to give a brief description of the history of the mobile health clinic and its role during disaster and health emergencies in the Indian context. This study shows that mobile health clinics emerged during the Second World War. Depending on the geographical condition, the types of mobile health clinics differ across the country. Over the period, it is found that when fixed health care delivery gets disrupted during disasters or impaired at the time of pandemic mobile health clinics are deployed to reach those affected people to provide primary care. This paper underlines the pressing need to prepare for the future to handle any public health emergencies by expanding the use of the MHCs and their services through integration into the health care delivery system as it has the potential to address the primary health care needs of the population at the time of public health emergencies.