The book explores emerging approaches to sustainable architecture and urban resilience in arid and semi-arid regions, where climate challenges such as extreme heat, water scarcity, and rapid urbanization demand innovative and context-sensitive solutions. It offers a multidisciplinary view of how built environments can become more adaptive, inclusive, and ecologically responsible. The chapters examine how artificial intelligence is shaping smart sustainability and climate-responsive urbanism. Following that, architectural resilience is discussed in relation to climate adaptation, displacement, and conflict. A deeper focus on arid regions highlights how social-ecological systems can inform design, policy, and community-based responses. Subsequent chapters explore the integration of urban agriculture in public spaces, resilient planning for food and water security, and nature-based solutions for sustainable development. Case studies shed light on water-sensitive design, climate-sensitive architecture, and sustainable greening in dry environments. Later contributions focus on materials and waste, addressing circular construction, plastic reuse, and sustainable building systems. The book also features frameworks for adapting to climate risks, with emphasis on indigenous knowledge, participatory planning, and digital tools like urban digital twins. The volume highlights best practices from across the Middle East, North Africa, and beyond. It underscores the need for climate-responsive design that merges innovation with tradition, equity with efficiency. Ultimately, the book offers valuable insights for architects, urbanists, researchers, and policymakers working to create sustainable futures in some of the world’s most climate-vulnerable settings.