Hydrogels are being increasingly recognized as an effective solution for removing heavy metals from municipal sludge in wastewater treatment. These cross-linked hydrophilic polymer systems have a unique structure that allows them to absorb large volumes of water and selectively bind to toxic heavy metals. The functionalization of hydrogels enables the incorporation of functional groups that have a high affinity for heavy metal ions. Recent advancements in hydrogel technology have focused on enhancing their hydrophilicity, adsorption capability, and mechanical properties. The benefits of using hydrogels in wastewater treatment include their potential to be made from renewable materials, biodegrade, and recover heavy metals. However, challenges remain, including scaling up production, regeneration, and reuse, as well as addressing environmental concerns. To address the above-mentioned learning objectives, more consideration has to be accorded to questions concerning the economic possibility of hydrogel production, regeneration, and reuse, as well as potential environmentally sensitive aspects. Further research work is required in the area of life-cycle evaluations would go a long way in popularizing hydrogel technology. The formation of standards and guidelines for hydrogel utilization, with additional promotion of research and development, may lead to improved inventions in this field and ensure the security and efficiency of therapeutic processes.