Hydrogels are adsorbent-type materials used for the treatment of wastewater especially for removing pollutants. Because they are persistent and harmful, heavy metal ions are among the pollutants that most worry the environment. Among the various benefits of hydrogels are their 3D network-like structure, higher water absorptivity and adjustable physicochemical characteristics. Diverse hydrogel-based methods have been investigated by researchers to deal with wastewater pollution by heavy metals. Radionuclides, dyes, and heavy metal ions have all been investigated for removal from wastewater and water using hydrogels. Heavy metals are enduring pollutants that are generated by human activity and industrial operations. Their eradication is essential to preserving both human health and aquatic ecosystems. Commonly utilized in the chemical sector, dyes can add to water contamination. Helping to lessen their effects are hydrogels. Because dyes break down slowly in nature, getting rid of them is hard. One possible answer is hydrogels. Hydrogel synthesis, characterization, and practical applications are all still being investigated by researchers. Interest areas are in the recycling and regeneration of hydrogels after treatment. Hydrogels have the potential to act as an absorbent for heavy metal removal in wastewater treatment. Their particular qualities qualify them to tackle environmental issues. Hydrogel performance optimization and practical application expansion will probably be the main topics of future study.