One of the most common issues in the world is the lack of access to clean water for consumption due to the addition of inorganic contaminants owing to several anthropogenic activities combined with a fast pace of modernization. The inorganic contaminants have a severe influence on both flora and fauna along with their surroundings since these contaminants are non-biodegradable, poisonous, and carcinogenic in nature. As a result, there is an urgent need to recycle wastewater to save the ecosystem as a whole. Over recent years, hydrogels have been investigated as a promising material for the effective elimination of inorganic contaminants from water. The formulation of hydrogels into nano-range forms a multifunctional framework that facilitates the production of a hybrid system having a cumulative influence on innovative materials, due to the combined properties of hydrogels and nanomaterials. Nano-Hydrogels’ hydrophilic 3D cross-linked network structure allows them to withstand large amounts of water or other water-based liquids without disintegrating. This demonstrates the potential for removing dangerous chemicals from water. This chapter summarizes current achievements in nano-based hydrogels, with a special emphasis on the removal of inorganic pollutants from water.