The issue of ensuring food security resilience across countries integrates key aspects of agro-industrial and economic modernization, evolving trends in agricultural production, external vulnerabilities, disruptions in domestic markets, import dependence, economic accessibility, and sustainability. Given these considerations, the research objective was to assess food security resilience in several countries, highlighting differences among groups categorized by income level according to the World Bank classification. Recognizing that food security resilience is a complex, multidimensional concept that requires sophisticated methodologies, we constructed a composite Food Security Resilience Index (FSRI) following the OECD methodology. This composite index consists of six sub-indices, each corresponding to fundamental dimensions of food security and constructed from several individual indicators. A linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between economic development and food security resilience. The results indicate that countries with higher GDP per capita generally have greater food security resilience. In conclusion, the assessment of food security resilience using the FSRI composite index highlighted specific areas in which less resilient countries can improve by adopting policies and practices demonstrated by more resilient countries. The composite index thus provides a valuable tool for policymakers and researchers to identify vulnerabilities, improve decision-making processes, and prioritize targeted interventions to strengthen national food security resilience.