The connection between historical and cultural heritage and people’s living needs is the double demand for the development of historic districts nowadays. This study adopts various methods such as morphological zoning method, big data analysis method and field research to analyze the spatial characteristics of historic districts based on the classification of material space forms and focusing on the characteristics of the people who use historic districts, and explores the optimization paths for the renewal of historic districts in response to the problem analysis and the development needs: scientifically evaluating the potential of renewal of each morphological unit and determining the renewal time sequence, refining the transformation of style buildings The study also explores the optimization paths to address the problems and development needs: scientifically assessing the renewal potential of each unit and determining the renewal schedule, fine-tuning the landscape architecture, shaping the value core of the district, optimizing the public space to absorb the benefits of external flow of people and resources, and establishing a property rights-based multi-dimensional market export model to promote renewal. This study is intended to provide directions and guidelines for guiding the development of crowds and policy formulation under the concept of micro-renewal of historic districts. The study shows that the living crowd is the user and shaper of the historic district space and plays a leading role in the development of the historic district, and external forces should be actively introduced to optimize the social structure through the optimization of the physical space gradually.