This paper takes Zhangming East Street historical and cultural district in Jiangyou City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province as the research object, exploring how to utilize urban catalytic theory to enhance the vitality of the district. Firstly, through spatial syntax analysis, the main street is identified as the most accessible and attractive space within the district, making it the most suitable location for catalytic reactions. Secondly, specific measures to enhance the vitality of the district are proposed from the perspectives of material catalysts and cultural catalysts. In terms of material catalysts, it is recommended to carry out unified planning for the facades along the main street and update public service facilities; In terms of cultural catalysts, it is recommended to rely on Li Bai's culture to hold cultural activities, activate and utilize buildings, and collaborate with local schools to develop cultural education courses. Through these measures, the cultural vitality of the district can be stimulated, enhancing the cultural quality and visibility of the area, thereby promoting the development of tourism and commerce, achieving a win-win situation for culture and the economy.