Since the discovery of the Higgs boson in 2012, the LHC experiments have successfully measured some of its properties with remarkable precision. However, the current integrated luminosity remains a limiting factor in probing Higgs boson self-couplings and first-generation Yukawa couplings. The current constraints on the Higgs boson couplings still allow for the possibility of a sizeable branching fraction into undetected final states. This motivates the ongoing efforts to search for exotic decay modes of the Higgs boson directly. This presentation highlights several new results from these searches using the entire LHC Run 2 data set collected by the CMS experiment.