Nonmonotonic Specific Entropy on the Transition Line Near the QCD Critical Point
摘要
The universality of the critical equation of state and the third law of thermodynamics require the specific entropy (per baryon) along the coexistence (first-order transition) line to be nonmonotonic at least on one side of that line. Specifically, a maximum must occur. We investigate the consequences of this simple observation for the isentropic trajectories near the QCD critical point. We identify a discriminant parameter, namely the sign of the isochoric derivative of pressure at the critical point, which determines on which side of the co-existence curve the non-monotonicity shall occur. We classify different scenarios of adiabatic expansion, relevant for heavy-ion collisions that arise depending on the value of the discriminant parameter and the proximity of the trajectory to the critical point.