The state of Israel established its status as a regional power in the Middle East. It did so despite being a relatively young state, without vast territory or population, and (until recently) without significant natural resources. Since its establishment in 1948, Israel had to guarantee the preservation of the Jewish state in the midst of a hostile region. It did so by combining military might, overt and covert diplomatic leverages, and technological superiority. Israel sustained its regional status for several decades despite profound changes in the nature of the Arab-Israeli conflict and in the global balance of power. The war that started on October 7, 2023, and Israel’s conduct since then, put a question mark on the ability of the current Israeli strategic posture to sustain Israel status as regional power in the future.