Modern slavery relates to situations of exploitation in which a person cannot refuse or leave because of threats, violence, coercion, deception or abuse of power. Human trafficking remains widespread with shortcomings at local, regional and international levels. The year 2025 marks the 25th anniversary of the Palermo Protocol, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2000. The protocol’s ‘3P’ paradigm, namely Prosecution, Protection and Prevention, served as the primary framework used globally to combat human trafficking. Now, a quarter of a century later, the situation has not improved, despite the huge expenditures incurred. This chapter emphasizes that the push for continuing global initiatives against modern slavery requires the fourth P - Partnership, which is absent from the original Palermo’s 3P paradigm. Partnership, with a whole-of-society approach is crucial at the local, regional and international levels to achieve SDG Target 8.7, to eradicate child labour by 2025, and forced labour and modern slavery by 2030.