Cyber slavery, a contemporary form of human trafficking, is no longer confined to hidden trafficking routes but flourishes in digital arenas. In Malaysia and across Southeast Asia, transnational syndicates exploit online platforms, scam compounds, and cryptocurrencies to coerce victims into forced digital labour. This chapter examines how coercion into cyber fraud is reshaping modern slavery, exposing financial infrastructures, legal blind spots, and fragmented governance. Drawing on survivor testimonies and regional enforcement gaps, it offers new insights into prevention, accountability, and victim-centred protections, while highlighting the urgent need for coordinated international and ASEAN responses in the digital era.

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Cyber Slavery in Malaysia: The Dark Side of Digital Exploitation

  • Kanchana Chandran

摘要

 Cyber slavery, a contemporary form of human trafficking, is no longer confined to hidden trafficking routes but flourishes in digital arenas. In Malaysia and across Southeast Asia, transnational syndicates exploit online platforms, scam compounds, and cryptocurrencies to coerce victims into forced digital labour. This chapter examines how coercion into cyber fraud is reshaping modern slavery, exposing financial infrastructures, legal blind spots, and fragmented governance. Drawing on survivor testimonies and regional enforcement gaps, it offers new insights into prevention, accountability, and victim-centred protections, while highlighting the urgent need for coordinated international and ASEAN responses in the digital era.