Gender, Migration, and Sustainable Development: A Global Need of Twenty-First Century
摘要
The term gender refers to the socially constructed roles and responsibilities for men and women allocated by any society. Globally, it is evident that women have unfortunately less access to economic, political, and educational opportunities in comparison with men, and at the same time, they also suffer greater health and safety risks. It is important to guarantee the rights of women and to give them adequate opportunities to realize their full potential. This is not only the need for time but also to achieve a wide range of international development goals. In view of this, women empowerment must be considered as one of the important concerns for policymakers and practitioners for realizing social and economic development in order to create an equitable and progressive society worldwide as empowered women and girls can contribute to the well-being and economic growth of their families, communities, and countries that would in fact generate a ripple effect that would ultimately lead to benefit everyone in the society. It is interesting to note that women constitute about half of the total migrant workers (272 million in 2019) in the world. The migrant population in fact comprises around 3.5 percent of the world population. They all face serious challenges but the challenges of women are altogether different from those challenges faced by men. Women and girls have been suffering from a variety of discriminatory practices and several kinds of violence worldwide. Hence, eradicating gender discrimination and violence has become a necessity in order to achieve gender parity, which has been rightly stated in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) that all forms of discrimination against women and girls must be eliminated by 2030. The major aim of this paper is to address the issue of gender inequality which still remains a global challenge. The paper will specifically deal with the migration policy that can play a significant role in protecting women’s rights and addressing discriminatory practices. The paper will also discuss different ways and strategies facilitating migration governance in contributing to empowering women and girl child that will ultimately lead to attaining goal 5 of sustainable development.