The advent of the rapidly evolving severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 variants has created havoc worldwide and brought the whole healthcare system to a standstill. It has fostered the need for more variant-specific, highly sensitive, user-friendly, and easily accessible diagnostic tools. For effective and prompt public health responses, accurate and routine detection of the virus is of utmost importance. With the emergence of the variants, identifying them with high accuracy has become imperative to mitigate the spread of the disease. This chapter delves into various diagnostic technologies, including reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats, lateral flow assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and genome sequencing, and discusses the variants of concern and interest. It also explores the challenges these technologies face due to the rapidly mutating virus. Furthermore, it discusses the importance of combining genomic surveillance with diagnostic tools, as well as the role of databases like Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data in tracking these variants through the rapid sharing of genomic data.