Integrating sustainability goals into HR practices has become increasingly critical amid growing global challenges like climate change and social inequalities. This study examines the intricate relationship between green human resource management (HRM) practices, employee well-being (EWB), and two essential mediating factors: Environmental Knowledge and Consciousness. This study conceptualizes whether green HRM positively influences environmental knowledge, environmental consciousness, and EWB. The research seeks to advance theoretical understanding, providing insights into how sustainable HRM practices may conceptually impact EWB and environmental consciousness. This chapter enhances the body of knowledge in green HRM by offering a theoretical foundation rooted in social exchange theory for organizations aiming to align HR strategies with sustainability goals, paving the way for future empirical research in this vital field.