This chapter studies the structure and phase composition of 1.3355 high-speed steel plasma surfaced onto the ČSN 14331 steel substrate. Optical and scanning electron microscopies and the X-ray diffraction analysis are used to study three states of the material, namely: (1) after plasma surfacing, (2) after high-temperature tempering, and (3) after high-temperature tempering and electron beam processing. It is shown that electron beam processing of the deposited alloy leads to a profound surface modification such as microcrack healing, martensite tempering, and diffusion of the carbide network. High-temperature tempering followed by electron beam processing enhances the microhardness of the hard-faced layer, increases its wear resistance, and reduced the friction coefficient.