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In studies of hydrogen (H) interactions with metals, influence of oxygenOxygen or waterWater (HO) included in H is not negligible, or sometimes appreciable. In this chapter described are the importance of surface oxidesSurface oxide andUbiquitous water ubiquitous waterSurface water in atmosphere in studies of H kineticsKinetics in metals. Usually, the purity of H2 gas is around 10−2 to 10−7 with impurities of oxygenOxygen and/or water. In addition, ubiquitousWater (HO) waterUbiquitous water molecules are always absorbed on surfaces of any H handling system and contaminate H2 gas introduced in the system. Depending on the amount of impurityImpurity waterWater (HO), H exposure to metal surface results in either reductionReduction or oxidationOxidation. At first thermodynamicsThermodynamics of oxidationOxidation of metals with H2OWater (HO) and reductionReduction of metal oxides with H2 (redox of metalRedox of metal/metal oxide) is introduced. Then the roles ofSurface oxygen surface oxygenOxygen or surface oxides on H behavior in metals are discussed showing some examples of the effect of surface oxide or oxidationOxidation on H permeationPermeation and diffusion.

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Effect of Oxygen and Water Included in Hydrogen as Impurities

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Tetsuo Tanabe

摘要

In studies of hydrogen (H) interactions with metals, influence of oxygenOxygen or waterWater (HO) included in H is not negligible, or sometimes appreciable. In this chapter described are the importance of surface oxidesSurface oxide andUbiquitous water ubiquitous waterSurface water in atmosphere in studies of H kineticsKinetics in metals. Usually, the purity of H2 gas is around 10−2 to 10−7 with impurities of oxygenOxygen and/or water. In addition, ubiquitousWater (HO) waterUbiquitous water molecules are always absorbed on surfaces of any H handling system and contaminate H2 gas introduced in the system. Depending on the amount of impurityImpurity waterWater (HO), H exposure to metal surface results in either reductionReduction or oxidationOxidation. At first thermodynamicsThermodynamics of oxidationOxidation of metals with H2OWater (HO) and reductionReduction of metal oxides with H2 (redox of metalRedox of metal/metal oxide) is introduced. Then the roles ofSurface oxygen surface oxygenOxygen or surface oxides on H behavior in metals are discussed showing some examples of the effect of surface oxide or oxidationOxidation on H permeationPermeation and diffusion.