Finger millet is commonly consumed in many parts of Asian and African countries due to its nutritional benefits. Increasing global population, climate change, and malnutrition are major threats to future food production. Currently, finger millet has received much attention from researchers in undertaking genetics, genomics, and transcriptomic work to improve its climate-resilient properties and nutritional contents. Most importantly, after the release of the fully annotated genome sequences of finger millet, it is believed to be a good resource for protecting this crop from biotic and abiotic stresses. This chapter presents details about finger millet, including its origin and domestication, climate-resilient features, nutritional and health importance, omics approaches for improving nutritional contents, and climate resilience. This chapter will provide researchers with comprehensive information about finger millet. The available omics resources of finger millet could support the development of genomic and transcriptomic resources for other millets that lack these resources. Some studies, like whole genome resequencing and functional characterization of genes by genome editing tools, are still in their early stages. To help make finger millet more resistant to biotic and abiotic stress and more nutritious, more research should be done in these areas.