Effects of Distribution Zone Design on the Water Drainage and Gas Flow Distribution of Large-Area PEMFCs
摘要
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are critical for achieving carbon neutrality due to high efficiency and zero-emission characteristics. However, large-area PEMFCs under high humidity for high-power applications introduces significant challenges like uneven gas flow distribution and water flooding. These problems can negatively impact fuel cell performance and lifetime. This study has been proposed and compared different innovative distribution zone designs, including empty chamber distribution zone (ECDZ), channel-ridge distribution zone (CRDZ), dot matrix distribution zone (DMDZ). The simulation results based on two-phase flow numerical model show that the DMDZ design outperforms the others in terms of gas flow uniformity, water drainage efficiency, and mass transfer. It also helps mitigate water flooding and reduces thermal hotspots within the reaction zone. Furthermore, a novel hybrid distribution zone (HBDZ) is proposed, which significantly improves oxygen flow uniformity compared to conventional CRDZ case. These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing large-area PEMFC distribution zone design and improving output performance under high humidity.