This chapter delves into the emerging role of artificial intelligence in reproductive medicine, with a focus on its practical applications in fertility analysis and intervention. It emphasizes the significance of core AI methodologies such as feature selection, data balancing, and algorithm optimization in building effective predictive models. The discussion covers AI-based identification and assessment of fertility-related factors in both males and females. A series of case studies is presented to summarize real-world applications and highlight key conceptual insights. These insights not only enhance the understanding of infertility but also offer promising directions for addressing this pressing global health issue. The chapter ultimately encourages a methodical and proactive approach to advancing fertility research through AI-driven solutions.