Formulating health resource planning is a pivotal instrument for materializing the Healthy China Initiative and significantly contributes to the construction of China’s medical and health service system. China’s health resource planning encompasses a diverse array of categories, spanning from talent cultivation, infrastructure, pharmaceutical resource allocation, to capital within the health domain. This chapter will first provide an overview of China’s health resource planning. It encompasses the delineation of health resources, their categorization, allocation methodologies, as well as the fundamentals of health resource planning such as its concept, types, and formulation principles. Subsequently, the chapter delves into the indicators employed in China’s health resource planning, utilizing these metrics as a foundation to elaborate on the planning formulation process. This intricate procedure encompasses defining strategic objectives, and formulating health resource development strategies and budget. Finally, a case study of China’s health talent team construction planning is presented to help readers understand the specific forms of China’s health resource planning.