The Relationship Between Brazil–India from a Geopolitical Perspective: Strategy, Equidistance, and Pragmatism
摘要
This chapter aims to analyse the geopolitical perspectives of the Brazil–India relationship to understand the strategies, motivations, and agendas of this partnership, both bilaterally and multilaterally. Brazil and India are geographically distant, yet they share similarities and connections in geographic, sociopolitical, and historical similarities. They pursue their strategies for international integration with rapprochement and partnerships. The research design considers the equidistant and pragmatic positioning in foreign policy and complex social issues in domestic policy as characteristics of both Brazil and India, translating into elements of rapprochement. As exploratory research, the methodology favours bibliographic review and document-based research. The chapter is structured into three parts: an overview of the historical development of Brazil–India relations and the partnerships established both in bilateral and multilateral forums; a discussion, from a geopolitical perspective, about the elements of rapprochement between Brazil and India, considering foreign policies and common interests; and an examination of the challenges and opportunities in a context of reconfiguration of the international geopolitical landscape and systemic competition between China and the United States. The results indicate that both Brazil and India, internally, seek to solve their social issues, strengthening policies of social inclusion, growth, and development. Externally, they adopt a pragmatic stance, avoiding automatic alignments and prioritising national interests in addition to defending greater participation of emerging countries in global governance. Thus, even without the intention of competing for credentials for leadership of the international system, Brazil and India find opportunities to advance interests through bilateral, plurilateral, or multilateral cooperation projects.