This chapter examines the evolution, current position, and problems of Social Safety Net Programs (SSNPs) in Bangladesh, focusing on their role in decreasing inequality and encouraging inclusive growth. It follows the evolution of social protection during the 1970s, outlining significant efforts such as disaster relief, food-for-work programs, and targeted assistance for vulnerable populations such as the elderly and women. The chapter discusses the National Social Security Strategy (NSSS) and its goals to combat poverty, promote economic growth, and ensure social security for the marginalized. It also critiques the budget allocation for SSNPs, noting inefficiencies and the inclusion of non-vulnerable groups in funding. Despite progress, challenges remain, including urban poverty, climate change, and the need for improved targeting and resource allocation. This chapter examines the design, implementation, and challenges of SSNPs in India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka, highlighting their role in poverty alleviation, food security, and nutrition, while addressing gaps in coverage, targeting, and fiscal sustainability. The chapter concludes by advocating for a more comprehensive, lifecycle-based social protection system to address Bangladesh’s evolving socio-economic landscape.