Silk proteins, fibroin and sericin which are derived from silkworm cocoons, have garnered significant attention for their exceptional mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the extraction and purification of these proteins pose significant challenges due to their complex structure and composition. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current methods and techniques employed for the extraction and purification of silk proteins. We discuss the various degumming methods, dissolution techniques, and purification protocols used to obtain high-quality silk proteins. Additionally, we highlight the importance of quality control measures, such as SDS-PAGE, HPLC, and gel filtration, to ensure the purity and integrity of the extracted proteins. This chapter serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industries seeking to harness the potential of silk proteins for various applications.