The golden trevally (Gnathanodon speciosus), also known as the leopard catfish, yellow penal, or yellow simba, belongs to the family Carangidae. This species is known for its fast-swimming abilities and has an oval, flat shape. It holds significant economic value due to its relatively high market price and potential as an export commodity. At sizes of 5–10 cm, the golden trevally is valued as a marine ornamental fish, referred to as yellow penal fish or yellow simba. In nature, these fish typically inhabit shallow coastal waters, coral reefs, and rocky areas, and are classified as benthopelagic species (Widodo & Burhanuddin, 2003). Golden trevally can reach juvenile stages at 30–35 days of age and grow relatively quickly, achieving lengths of 23.9–26.6 cm and weights of 282.2–383.9 g within 7–9.5 months of cultivation. The kuwe fish, which can grow up to 60 cm, typically resides at depths of 12 m and is commonly found in tropical and subtropical seas. Its meat is known for being high in protein and has a desirable taste (Nelson, 1984). The golden trevally is an economically important fish, primarily marketed in Japan and other Asian countries such as China, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malaysia. An analysis of global catch data indicates that populations of giant trevally, particularly the tiger and silver trevally species, have been harvested from the wild as seeds for aquaculture. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop innovative approaches in aquaculture, starting with advancements in seed technology.