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In the 1970s, the mangrove forests were cut down along the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, causing a significant coastline recession. The breakwaters installed as countermeasures against the coastline recession are built on soft ground and, therefore, suffer from severe settlement. In 2017, the lattice-frame-reinforced sheet (LFR), which has a proven track record as a method for countering soft ground, was installed along the coast of Thailand to construct a breakwater. After seven years of monitoring, it was confirmed that the structures were functioning as a countermeasure against settlement, demonstrating the feasibility of constructing sustainable revetment methods.

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Lattice Frame Reinforced (LFR) Method - Sustainable Ground Improvement Method for Soft Ground Settlement Reduction

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Pham Hoang Kien,
  • Akihiko Okamura,
  • Hirotoshi Mori,
  • Ganchai Tanapornraweekit,
  • Somunuk Tarngtermsit

摘要

In the 1970s, the mangrove forests were cut down along the coast of the Gulf of Thailand, causing a significant coastline recession. The breakwaters installed as countermeasures against the coastline recession are built on soft ground and, therefore, suffer from severe settlement. In 2017, the lattice-frame-reinforced sheet (LFR), which has a proven track record as a method for countering soft ground, was installed along the coast of Thailand to construct a breakwater. After seven years of monitoring, it was confirmed that the structures were functioning as a countermeasure against settlement, demonstrating the feasibility of constructing sustainable revetment methods.