The application of models in public health has profound implications. By accurately modeling the transmission patterns of infectious diseases, public health officials can better understand disease dynamics, enabling them to devise and implement effective control strategies. This approach not only helps to predict the demand for medical resources (such as beds, medications, and personnel) in advance and optimize resource allocation but also assesses the efficacy of various preventive and control measures, thereby enhancing the efficiency of public health emergency responses. Moreover, model analysis can reveal potential health risks and epidemiological characteristics, promoting personalized medicine and the development of precise public health policies, ultimately improving the overall health and resilience of society.