Ensuring that women have equal access to educational opportunities is a fundamental component of the Sustainable Development Goals (2030) to promote the empowerment of women and contribute equitably to the economic advancement of the country. However, despite the attainment of gender parity in primary and secondary education, Bangladesh continues to experience a notable underrepresentation of women in higher education. This study explores the challenges faced by female students in their participation in the higher education system, as well as the factors that contribute to their inclusion or exclusion. A qualitative study approach was used to collect qualitative data along with some aspects of quantitative data. A total of 401 female students (both residential and non-residential) participated through simple random methods at two public universities in Dhaka. In addition, focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with female students. The study findings revealed that distance from universities, accommodation, financial condition, and security are perceived as major factors excluding female students from participation in higher education. Conversely, the positive attitudes exhibited by teachers within the university environment serve as a contributing component to fostering inclusiveness. Interestingly, female students encounter challenges that are present throughout various social strata, irrespective of their socio-economic status or whether they reside in urban or rural areas. The outcomes of this study could potentially have significant ramifications for the development of higher education policies and practices in the southern neighbouring countries of Bangladesh.