This chapter provides an introduction to the Stand-based Silvicultural Management System (SSMS), a system that has been implemented by the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest (UTHF) since 1958. Under the SSMS, forests are categorized into distinct forest types based on tree density, species composition, diameter distribution, and the natural regeneration status of trees. Silvicultural operations are tailored to the specific conditions of each forest type. The SSMS is an integrated method that initially drew upon existing experiences and knowledge of natural forest management from both Japan and abroad. The primary goal of the SSMS is to harmonize and enhance dual forest functions: a public function in environmental conservation and an economic function in the production of forest products through proper management practices. The SSMS addresses natural forests with various types based on six fundamental principles: (1) facilitating the transition to and sustaining a preclimax phase for each stand, (2) avoiding intensive forest operations, (3) adapting to the structural and site conditions of each stand, (4) maintaining high-storied and multistoried stands, (5) retaining trees with superior traits, and (6) nurturing mixed conifer-broadleaf forests.