This chapter summarizes available information on location, topography, geology, and soil in the University of Tokyo Hokkaido Forest (UTHF), central Hokkaido Island, Japan. The UTHF covers two river basins, Nunobe and Nishitappu Rivers, both of which are tributaries of the Upper Sorachi River. There is an extensive flat or rolling terrain in the eastern UTHF. However, the topography along rivers is dissected by river erosion throughout the UTHF. The geology of the UTHF can be categorized into two types: (1) Mesozoic rocks formed during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and (2) welded tuff or volcanic rocks erupted from the Tokachidake Volcano Group since Neogene period. The welded tuff covers an extensive area of the UTHF, forming rolling or gently sloping lava plateaus, except in the dissected valleys. Soil types within the UTHF vary spatially, depending on climatic, vegetative, topographical, and geological conditions. Based on a previous comprehensive effort for mapping the forest soil in the UTHF, distinctive soil types distributing from the lowland to the upland of the UTHF are introduced in this chapter.